January 2024 | BY Amy Rushworth

 

Clarice Cliff is a name that is synonymous with bold and colourful pottery. Her unique designs and vibrant colours have made her one of the most celebrated ceramic artists of the 20th century and we’re always excited to see a new piece from her collection in our saleroom. 

With a consignment of some of her most popular designs of the time, we decided to take a closer look at the life of this trailblazer of the ceramics world…

 

Born on 20th January 1899, in Tunstall, Stoke-on-Trent, Cliff entered the workforce at the tender age of 13 in 'The Potteries' until 1916, when she moved to work for Arthur J Wilkinson, a manufacturer of standard transfer-printed earthenware. It was here where her true talents as a ceramic artist were recognised. Wilkinson sent her to London to study briefly at the Royal College of Art, and he went on to give her a studio at the nearby Newport Pottery factory and a team of paintresses to work with her on more experimental wares.

It was here that Clarice Cliff was introduced to Colley Shorter, the director of the Newport Pottery Company. Shorter was immediately impressed by her work and motivated Cliff to push her creative limits and experiment with fresh techniques. Cliff set out on a series of innovative designs that would become the renowned 'Bizarre' wares and the earliest examples of these were adorned by her own hand-painted mark - ‘Bizarre by Clarice Cliff’.

What followed is often referred to by collectors as the 'Bizarre' years. Cliff’s designs broke new ground in response to rising Art Deco trends, turning Newport Pottery into one of the most prolific workshops of that era.

One of Cliff’s most notable early works was the Crocus design - an uncomplicated, hand-painted pattern of crocus flowers in blue, orange, and purple hues. Each bloom was crafted with upward brush strokes, and thin lines of green leaves were added amongst the flowers.  The 'Crocus' pattern instantly attracted large sales and quickly became Cliff's signature design.

Indeed, several 'Crocus' pattern ceramics have entered our saleroom, currently including this beehive honey pot (pictured), which will feature in our Decorative Antiques & Collectors Auction on Friday 19th January, alongside a number of other Clarice Cliff items. 

Owing to the immense popularity and demand for the Crocus pattern, Cliff had to hire more hands, eventually forming a team of 70 painters, all but four of whom were women, known as her ‘Bizarre girls’. 

By 1930 Shorter had promoted Cliff to Art Director of Newport Pottery and they worked side by side to dominate the ceramics market of the 1930s. The success that Clarice experienced was remarkable, considering there was little concept of a woman pursuing a career at the time, especially one so ambitious and successful. She not only hired but also inspired young women to chase their dreams.

In 1940 following the death of his wife, Shorter and Cliff married and moved into his residence at Chedwynd House. However, the onset of World War II marked challenging times. The limitations of resources and materials, along with the government's decision to permit only whiteware production, made it impossible for Clarice to continue her design work. Hence, she found herself back on the production floor. In 1942, Newport Pottery closed, and the remaining production of Clarice Cliff's works relocated back to Wilkinson's factory.

The appeal for Cliff's creations declined post-war. The demand shifted towards more conservative ware, and Cliff's role in production diminished gradually, although products bearing Clarice Cliff's signature continued to be produced until the early 1960s. Colley Shorter died in 1963 and the following year Clarice sold the Wilkinson's factory to Midwinter, a fashionable producer of tableware, and she retired. 

Cliff's work received recognition once again in January 1972 through a solo exhibition, and despite her passing later that year, the interest in her work began to resurface again towards the end of the decade. By the 1980s, numerous reproductions of some of her most iconic series were being produced.

Although popularity for the Clarice Cliff peaked over 20 years ago with the record £34,000 sale of a ‘May Avenue’ charger in 2003, today there is still a very strong following for Clarice’s striking colours and shapes, and she is a popular choice with collectors.

 Clarice Cliff 'Inspiration' Tresco pattern vase. Part of an upmarket collection using metallic oxide glazes to create those beautiful rich blues, turquoises and pale mauves. Sold for £1,600 in April 2023.

 

Do you have something you'd be interested in selling? Get in touch for a free valuation with one of our specialists.

SIGN UP TO OUR NEWSLETTER

ALL THE LATEST NEWS & STORIES DELIVERED STRAIGHT TO YOUR INBOX